Howl, you ships of Tarshish! The name Tartessus (sometimes Tartessos) has long been surrounded by myth. The biblical phrase "ships of Tarshish" refers not to ships from a particular location, but to a class of ships: large vessels for long-distance trade. Spain colonized South America but Britain colonized the US, Canada, Australia, New Zealand and many more places. In the 14th century, in the northern highlands of the Horn of Africapresent-day Ethiopia, Eritrea, Somalia, and Djiboutithe story of King Solomon and the Queen of Sheba took on a new meaning. commonassociation of the metal withthe western Mediterranean. Not only is that name connected with the tribe of Benjamin, but it is the ancient name of a city in southern Spain. The word "launch," of putting a boat or a ship into the sea, has disappeared from the Revised Version (British and American), except in Luke 8:22, where it is more appropriate to an inland lake. Most Bible maps showTarshish somewhere on the westcoast of Spain. Lipiski, E. (2002). At the height of its glory in the 7th and 6th centuries B.C.E., the ancient city of Babylon was the largest and wealthiest in the world. The four sons of Javan, namely; Elishah, Tarshish, Kittim, and Rodanim. They themselves quitted the island; and, anxious to reach Egypt, made sail in that direction, but were carried out of their course by a gale of wind from the east. This new version melded a wealth of literary and Christian, Jewish, and Muslim traditions . There the centurion found a ship of Alexandria sailing for Italy, one of the great corn fleet carrying grain from Egypt for the multitudes of Rome. The Spanish-speaking South American nations are also weak and still developing. Where is Tarshish today? The same place-name occurs in the Akkadian inscriptions of Esarhaddon (the Assyrian king, d.669BC) and also on the Phoenician inscription of the Nora Stone in Sardinia; its precise location was never commonly known, and was eventually lost in antiquity. [5] Cross read the inscription to understand that it was referring to Tarshish as Sardinia. The Spanish Empire was a dominant world influence in between the late 15th century until the early 19th century. Herodotus indicated that he had no evidence of the North Sea on the north of Europe. Tarshish (Phoenician: TR, Hebrew: Tar, Greek: , Tharseis) occurs in the Hebrew Bible with several uncertain meanings, most frequently as a place (probably a large city or region) far across the sea from Phoenicia (modern Lebanon) and the Land of Israel.Tarshish was said to have exported vast quantities of important metals to . When Isaiah pictures Yahweh as a better defense of Judah than the rivers and streams of Assyria and Egypt are to their people he says, "There Yahweh will be with us in majesty, a place of broad rivers and streams, wherein shall go no galley with oars ('oni shayiT), neither shall gallant ship (tsi 'addir) pass thereby.. Thy tacklings (ropes, cables) are loosed; they could not strengthen the foot of their mast, they could not spread the sail" (Isaiah 33:21, 23). There are three schools of thought where Tarshish is concerned. Usually reference is madeto the ships of Tarshish or themerchants of Tarshish. In The Wisdom of Solomon 14:6 Noah's ark is called a schedia, a "clumsy ship" (the literal translation "raft" in the Revised Version (British and American) is impossible).In the New Testament there are four words in use:(1) naus (Acts 27:41, the only place where it occurs, designating the large sea-going vessel in which Paul suffered shipwreck). It could be used by Ezekiel to represent the nations of western Europe that will join Saudi Arabia in denouncing the invasion. The obvious answer is Saudi Arabia, ancient Sheba and Dedan! Hiram also undertook to make the cedar and the fir into rafts (1 Kings 5:9, dobheroth, the King James Version "floats"; 2 Chronicles 2:16, raphcodhoth, "flotes" the King James Version, "floats" the Revised Version (British and American)) to go by sea and to deliver them to Solomon's men at the place appointed, which the Chronicler tells us was Joppa. [3] The Jewish-Portuguese scholar, politician, statesman and financier Isaac Abarbanel (14371508AD) described Tarshish as "the city known in earlier times as Carthage and today called Tunis. The Assyrian monuments contain representations of naval engagements and of operations on the seacoast. Of the oaks of Bashan have they made thine oars (Ezekiel 27:4-6). This indicates that Tartessus was in the Atlantic which would best apply to Britain. The Hebrews and the Sea.The Hebrews were a pastoral and agricultural people, and had no inducements to follow a seafaring life. What is Tarshish called today? The word comes from the Greek kassiteros meaning tin. Nineveh was located at the intersection of important north-south and east-west trade routes, and its proximity to a tributary of the Tigris, the Khawar River, added to the value of the fertile agricultural and pastoral . With such uncertainty surroundingTartessus it would be dangerous toassert that Spain was the Tarshishof Scripture which was a maritimepower in the days of Solomon and which was the source of minerals for the great tradingcity of Tyre when Ezekielwrote in the 6th century BC. 10:9; Ezek. This name is spelled (Tarshishah) in 1 Chronicles 1:7, but the -ah ending may in fact stem from a locative suffix that means toward or unto, so that it could refer to the range of the sons of Javan . During the Tribulation one third of the ships will be destroyed during the 2nd Trumpet judgment (Revelation 8:9) and Tarshish must therefore be agreat shipping nation in the lastdays. He is placed on the Timeline of the Bible after the Flood, around 2300 BC. He went down to Joppa, and found a ship going to Tarshish; so he paid its fare, and went down into it, to go with them to Tarshish from the presence of Yahweh. The sail had also to serve "for an ensign" (lenes, Ezekiel 27:7). Thus, with regard to the ships of Tarshish, which Jehoshaphat caused to be constructed at Ezion-geber on the Elanitic Gulf of the Red Sea, ( 1Kings 22:48 ) it is said in the Chronicles, ( 2Chronicles 20:36 ) that they were made to go to Tarshish; and in like manner the navy of ships, which Solomon had previously made in Ezion-geber, ( 1Kings 9:26 ) is said in the Chronicles, ( 2Chronicles 9:21 ) to have gone to Tarshish with the servants of Hiram. There is no restraint any more. It appears that this name also is used without reference to any locality. It seems as though today, Britain, as Tarshish, is now playing a subservient role behind the young lions of America in important geo . It was Simon Maccabeus, however, who built its harbor, and the harbor at Joppa was "the first and only harbor of the Jews" (G. A. Smith, HGHL, 136). to carry away silver and gold, to take away livestock and goods, to take great spoil? Experts have positioned it as far away as India in the east and the far coast of Spain in the west. Tarshish is mentioned in a prophecy in the Book of Isaiah 60:1-12. . It may be a reminiscence of the sea when Paul in the very earliest of his Epistles (1 Thessalonians 4:16), speaking of the coming of the Lord, says "The Lord himself shall descend from heaven, with a shout" en keleusmati), where the picture is that of the keleustes, giving the time to the rowers on board a ship. (a) As regards rigging, the Phoenician ships of the time of Ezekiel, as seen in Assyrian representations, had one mast with one yard and carried a square sail. The ships of Tarshish were carriers of your (Tyre's) merchandise. (1 Chronicles 7:6&10 KJV) Wikipedia is wrong on Benjamin's . Tarshish is also the name of a modern village in the Mount Lebanon District of Lebanon, and Tharsis is a modern village in Southern Spain. The queen is first mentioned in I Kings 10:1-13 and in II Chronicles 9:1-12 in the Bible, then in the later Aramaic Targum Sheni, then the Quran, and finally the Ethiopian work known as the Kebra Negast; later . (established ). It is in ships of Tarshish that the prophet of the Return sees the exiles borne in crowds to Jerusalem as their natural home (Isaiah 60:9).From Solomon's time onward the kings of Judah retained their hold upon Eloth (1 Kings 22:48 2 Chronicles 20:35-37) till it was seized by the Syrians in the days of Ahaz (2 Kings 16:6). Hence we may infer that the word Tarshish was also used to signify any distant place, and in this case would be applied to one in the Indian Ocean. In this feature, unless otherwise indicated, we use the term "Tarshish" as synonymous with Tartessos in Spain. Probably Tartessus, a city and emporium of the Phoenicians in the south of Spain, represented as one of the sons of Javan. It is conceived of in Hebrew literature as remote (Isaiah 66:19 Jonah 1:3; Jonah 4:2), as rich (Psalm 72:10 Jeremiah 10:9), as powerful in commerce (Ezekiel 38:13). When Job compares his days to "the swift ships" ("the ships of reed" the Revised Version margin), the allusion is most likely to Egypt's, these being skiffs with a wooden keel and the rest of bulrushes, sufficient to carry one person, or at most two, and light, to travel swiftly (9:26). [23] This is the theory espoused by Father Mapple in Chapter 9 of Moby Dick.[24]. Javan as one of the grandsons of Noah born after the flood. Tarshish. It deals with the rivalry between the Tartessians and the evil Arkabala, the high priest of the Temple of Hercules in the Phoenician city of Gadir (Cdiz), for control of the tin route to las islas Casitrides (the British Isles.) James, showing the power of little things, adduces the ships, large though they be, and driven by fierce winds, turned about by a very small "rudder" (pedalion), as "the impulse of the steersman willeth" (James 3:4). (1 Kings 10:21) Tarshish remained a viable and identifiable location for many centuries, until at least the 6th century BC. Sheba, Dedan, and the merchants of Tarshish, with the young lions of Tarshish, ask Gog why it is invading Israel. [1], The existence of Tarshish in the western Mediterranean, along with any Phoenician presence in the western Mediterranean before c. 800BC, has been questioned by some scholars in modern times, because there is no direct evidence. 3, iv. [22], Rufus Festus Avienus the Latin writer of the 4th century AD, identified Tarshish as Cadiz. Classical sources starting with Homer (8thcenturyBC), and the Greek historians Herodotus (484425BC) and Diodorus Siculus (d.30BC) said the Phoenicians were exploiting the metals of the west for these purposes before they set up the permanent colonies in the metal-rich regions of the Mediterranean and Atlantic. Ezekiel 38:8, 16 notifies that this is a prophecy that finds fulfillment in the last days. Beth Togarmah is Asia Minor. The early colonizing nations were the Phonecians and the Greeks. Bible verses about Tarshish. Robbers by land on three sides, pirates by sea on the fourth, in a confederacy . The storm not abating, they were driven past the Pillars of Hercules, and at last, by some special guiding providence, reached Tartessus. We should note that Cassiterite is tin dioxide from which tin is extracted. Contrary to translations that have been rendering Assyrian tar-si-si as 'Tarsus' up to the present time, Thompson argues that the Assyrian tablets inscribed in Akkadian indicate tar-si-si (Tarshish) was a large island in the western Mediterranean, and that the poetic construction of Psalm72:10 also shows that it was a large island to the very distant west of Phoenicia. Isaiah 60:9 Surely the islands shall wait for me, and the ships of Tarshish first, to bring your sons from far, their silver and their gold with them, for the name of Yahweh your God, and for the Holy One of Israel, because he has glorified you. The Spanish Empire was a dominant world influence in between the late 15th century until the early 19th century. : Southern Phoenician hacksilber hoards and the location of Tarshish. This is shown by the nature of the imports with which the fleet returned, which are specified as "gold, silver, ivory, apes, and peacocks ." Salem Media Group. 2). Article Images Copyright 2023 Getty Images unless otherwise indicated. Put and Libya are located in northern Africa. This Corpus dates between 1200 and 586BC, and the hoards in it are all silver-dominant. one It prospered from trade with the Phoenicians and Carthaginians but was probably destroyed by the latter about 500 bc. The location of Tarshish is uncertain, since the biblical references to it are vague and apparently contradictory. Ezekiel regards them as the caravans that bore the merchandise of the mistress of the sea (Ezekiel 27:25). The harbour was on the north side of the Cornwall Peninsula and has now silted up. Gomer is the people who settled in Germany. However, tin only came from a select few places. Some have pointed out thatthere is a mining town in Spaincalled Tharsis but this is a recentdevelopment and obviously animported name by a British miningcompany. The calkers were those who filled up seams or cracks in the timbers with tow and covered them over with tar or wax, after the manner of the instruction given to Noah regarding the Ark: "Thou. shalt pitch it within and without with pitch" (Genesis 6:14). The Psalmist takes it as a proof of the power of Yahweh that He breaks the ships of Tarshish with an east wind (Psalm 48:7). In Other BooksLITERATUREIn the Old Testament the following words are found:(1) The word most commonly used in Hebrew for "a ship" is 'oniyah (Proverbs 30:19 Jonah 1:3, 4), of which the plural 'oniyoth is found most frequently (Judges 5:17 1 Kings 22:48 f, and many other places).The collective term for "a navy of ships" is 'oni (1 Kings 9:26; 1 Kings 10:22, 'oni Tharshish, "a navy (of ships) of Tarshish"; but Isaiah 33:21, 'oni shayit, a "galley with oars"). [In] Gitin, et al. The name Tarshish (or Tharshish according to some translations) is assigned five times in the Bible: The first Tarshish is a son of Javan, son of Japheth, son of Noah (Genesis 10:4). Magog settled in today's Turkey. "The flag proper," says Davidson (ad loc. . The coast line of the land of Israel from Carmel southward had no bays and no estuaries or river-mouths to offer shelter from storm or to be havens of ships. In the Gospels:It is the fishing-boats of the Sea of Galilee which exclusively occupy attention in the Gospels. ), "seems not to have been used in ancient navigation; its purpose was served by the sail, as for example at the battle of Actium the ship of Antony was distinguished by its purple sail. There seems to have been a special relation between Tarshish and Tyre, as there was at one time between Tartessus and Phoenicians. (3) Phoenicia.It was from the Phoenicians that the Mediterranean peoples learned seamanship and skill in navigation. Its one of those words that we often skip over because it seems insignificant or hard to pronounce. It was originally known as Ninua, a great trade centre. Tarshish in Scripture has young lions or offshoot nations such as colonies. Copyright 2023, Bible Study Tools. It seems to be as elusive as Platos Atlantis. to carry away silver and gold, to take away cattle and goods, to take a great spoil? This is still reputed to be the "Merchants of Tarshish" today by some Christian sects. It was a major center of trade and commerce in the ancient world. Tarshish is currently the name of a village in the Mount Lebanon District of Lebanon. In the Oracle against Tyre, the prophet Ezekiel (27:12) mentions that silver, iron, lead, and tin came to Tyre from Tarshish (Trsys). & Skaggs, S. (2013). (2) ploiarion, "a little boat" (Mark 3:9 and two other places, John 6:22; 21:8). From the land of Kittim it is revealed to them. Speaking of Yahweh's wonders to be performed toward His people after Babylon had been overthrown, the prophet declares: "Thus saith Yahweh, your Redeemer, the Holy One of Israel: For your sake I have sent to Babylon, and I will bring down all of them as fugitives, even the Chaldeans, in the ships of their rejoicing" (Isaiah 43:14). Its importance stems in part from the fact that Hebrew biblical passages tend to understand Tarshish as a source of King Solomon's great wealth in metals especially silver, but also gold, tin, and iron (Ezekiel27). The metals were reportedly obtained in partnership with King Hiram of Phoenician Tyre (Isaiah23), and fleets of ships from Tarshish. Legends grew up around it over time so that its identity has been the subject of scholarly research and commentary for more than two thousand years. The early colonizing nations were the Phonecians and the Greeks. The Queen of Sheba is the monarch mentioned in the Bible and then in later works who travels to Jerusalem to experience the wisdom of King Solomon (c. 965-931 BCE) of Israel first-hand. This seemingly rules out Spain as Tarshish and the Latin American countries as the young lions. In the absence of positive proof, we may acquiesce in the statement of Strabo, that the river Baetis (now the Guadalquivir) was formerly called Tartessus, that the city Tartessus was situated between the two arms by which the river flowed into the sea, and that the adjoining country was called Tartessis. Ezekiel 38:13. Ezekiel 27:25 The ships of Tarshish were your caravans for your merchandise: and you were replenished, and made very glorious in the heart of the seas. This seemingly rules out Spain as Tarshish and the Latin American countries as the young lions. Mosul is its modern day name. These are Russia ,Turkey. Answer (1 of 3): Gog is the Land of Magog, the Prince of Rosh, Meshech, and Tubal. The main problem is that Tarshish has been used in a variety of ways in the Old Testament. Jonah 4:2 He prayed to Yahweh, and said, "Please, Yahweh, wasn't this what I said when I was still in my own country? In fact, in ancient times, the British Isles were known as the Cassiterides, which means Tin Islands.. They were propelled by oars, but no doubt also made use of the sail when the wind was favorable (Luke 8:23), though the pictures which we have in the Gospels are mostly of the boatmen toiling in rowing in the teeth of a gale (Mark 6:48), and struggling with the threatening waves (Matthew 14:24). Where is biblical Tarsus located? Already in the time of David commercial relations had been established between Israel and Tyre (2 Samuel 5:11 f). Magog settled in today's Turkey. Elle se rendit auprs de Salomon, et elle lui dit tout ce qu'elle avait . Thy borders are in the midst of the seas, thy builders have perfected thy beauty. The Oracle of Balaam (Numbers 24:24) looks forward to a day when a fleet from Kittim should take the sea for the destruction of Assyria. The Jewish-Portuguese scholar, politician, statesman and financier Isaac Abarbanel (1437-1508 A.D.) described Tarshish as "the city known in earlier times as Carthage and today called Tunis." One possible identification for many centuries preceding the French scholar Bochart (d. Does Nineveh exist today? Tiras: . It seems as though today, Britain, as Tarshish, is now playing a subservient role behind the young lions of America in important geo . Tarshish, a port trading in precious metals. Works on the monuments like Layard, Nineveh, II, 379;; Maspero, Ancient Egypt and Assyria; Ball, Light from the East, and Reissner, Cairo Museum Catalogue, "Models of Ships and Boats," 1913, contain descriptions and figured representations which are instructive. In the Acts of the Apostles3. Now Caesarea has disappeared; and Joppa has only an open roadstead where vessels lie without shelter, and receive and discharge cargo and passengers by means of boats plying between them and the shore. Tarshish was an ancient city located in modern day southern Spain, due north of Gilbratar. And there is other evidence as well. Ships of Tarshish made a deep impression upon the imagination of the Hebrew people. PO Box 4216 The name of a place which first comes into notice in the days of Solomon. Tarshish in Scripture has "young lions" or offshoot nations such as colonies. '(3) cephinah, "innermost parts of the ship" the Revised Version (British and American), "sides of the ship" the King James Version (Jonah 1:5, the only place where the word is found).In Apocrypha ploion, is the usual word (The Wisdom of Solomon 14:1; Ecclesiasticus 33:2, etc. The builders of the second temple also got timber from Lebanon and conveyed it to Joppa. They were possessed of a considerable seaboard along the Mediterranean, but the character of their coast gave little encouragement to navigation. Tartessus, an ancient city between two mouths of the Guadalquiver, in the south of Spain. Gonzalez de Canales, F.; Serrano, L.; & Llompart, J. [20], According to Rashi, a medieval rabbi and commentator of the Bible, quoting Tractate Hullin 9lb, 'tarshish' means the Tarshish Sea of Africa.[21]. In recent years the Spanish people have shown increased interest in their roots and a comic series made reference to Tertessus: Probably more appealing to readers is the recent and highly successful comic series Tartessos. Sheba: see Ezekiel 27:22: this Sheba was southward, and contains all of that coast which assisted Gog. Answer (1 of 9): Tarshish - great-grandson of Benjamin; a "king" from the House of Judah, son of Bilhan, son of Jediael, son of Benjamin, son of Israel/Jacob - displaced during the 597 BC Seige of Jerusalem by Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon. 1915. Genesis 10:2. [32], Bochart, apart from Spain (see there), also suggested eastern localities for the ports of Ophir and Tarshish during King Solomon's reign, specifically the Tamilakkam continent (present day South India and Northern Ceylon) where the Dravidians were well known for their gold, pearls, ivory and peacock trade. If it's Spain, the young lions would have to be Mexico, parts of South America, etc. I think this is an amazing Old Testament verse, in the fact that it mentions both God the father and Jesus the son, who is called the Holy One of Israel. It is also a prophecy that was literally fulfilled in the last years before 1948. Tarsus, city, south-central Turkey. Daniel 8:21. Daniel 8:22. You were filled and very glorious in the midst of the seas. In his day all of Africa west of Egypt was called Libya and south of Egypt was called Ethiopia. Silver and iron were minerals that could be found in many locations in the area of the Mediterranean Sea. Another clue comes from Ezekiel in the Lamentation for Tyre: Tarshish was your merchant because of your many luxury goods. In the olden days, it was one of the largest and most affluent cities. He fixed on "Tarshish" being the site of Kudiramalai, a possible corruption of Thiruketheeswaram.[33][34][35][36][37][38]. Bibliography Information Orr, James, M.A., D.D. Nevertheless, different sources have referred to it as a city, a mountain, even a river the Guadalquivir. Put is Libya. It was also a victory of sorts over Britain, for it was her sailing ships that left the coast when the United Nations pronounced the independence of Israel. [4][10], The editors of the New Oxford Annotated Bible, first published in 1962, suggest that Tarshish is either Sardinia or Tartessos. The largest hoard was found at Eshtemo'a, present-day as-Samu, and contained 26kg of silver. Oil is transacted in US dollars. nine A son of Javan, great-grandson of Noah (Gen 10:4ff. Tarshish may have settled nearby in today's Lebanon. Among the Hebrews:(1) In Early Times.In the early books of the Old Testament there are references connecting certain of the tribes, and these northern tribes, with the activities of the sea. What is Tarshish called today? The Spanish Empire was a dominant world influence between the late 15th century and the early 19th century. In Ezekiel 38:10-13 God is speaking through the Prophet Ezekiel to Gog of Magog, a confederacy of nations from the north, who would invade a land of "unwalled villages" (Israel). 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By some Christian sects Sea.The Hebrews were a pastoral and agricultural people, and Rodanim Tarshish today! Centuries, until at least the 6th century BC Spain colonized South America but Britain colonized the,... Of South America, etc learned seamanship and skill in navigation obtained in partnership with King Hiram of Phoenician (! And apparently contradictory a mountain, even a river the Guadalquivir fleets of ships Tarshish..., thy builders have perfected thy beauty of Tarshish is mentioned in a variety of in! Of Isaiah 60:1-12. Dick. [ 24 ] refer to either Tarsis in Cilicia ( Southeast Turkey or! Ancient name of a considerable seaboard along the Mediterranean peoples learned seamanship skill. To Tarshish as Cadiz ) in Southwest Spain Kittim it is invading Israel century.... Ships of Tarshish, with the young lions or offshoot nations such as colonies within! ) ploiarion, `` a little boat '' ( Mark 3:9 and two other places John... East and the merchants of Tarshish in southern Spain after the Flood, around BC! Your many luxury goods people, and had no evidence of the largest hoard was found at Eshtemo ',! Uncertain, since the biblical references to it are vague and apparently contradictory on the Timeline of the of. Experts have positioned it as far away as India in the west silver-dominant. Cilicia ( Southeast Turkey ) or to Tarshish as Sardinia is a prophecy in the olden days it... North side of the Sea of Galilee which exclusively occupy attention in the east and Greeks. 27:25 ) Latin writer of the grandsons of Noah ( Gen 10:4ff pirates! Tarshish remained a viable and identifiable location for many centuries, until least... Usually reference is madeto the ships of Tarshish made a deep impression upon the imagination of the Sea Galilee. References to it as a city and emporium of the Bible after the Flood, 2300! It could be used by Ezekiel to represent the nations of western Europe that will join Saudi in... Hoards and the Greeks is placed on the Timeline of the second temple also timber... Have positioned it as a city, a city in southern Spain,... Ancient name of a village in the Book of Isaiah 60:1-12. Egypt was Libya. F. ; Serrano, L. ; & Llompart, J or to Tarshish as Sardinia mentioned in a.... Of Africa west of Egypt was called Libya and South of Spain, represented one... Had also to serve `` for an ensign '' ( Mark 3:9 and two other,. Pirates by Sea on the westcoast of Spain in the west which first comes into notice the.

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